Wednesday, February 28, 2007

"Humbled into Death"

The unfortunate nature of man sometimes, is to believe we have all the information necessary to make rational decisions. In life we learn we do not always have all the answers. We are given the opportunity to learn from our mistakes and move forward. The narrator gives an outside view of this man’s unfortunate arrogance. He did not get the chance to learn from his mistakes. We view him being humbled into death. Had he used the valuable information given by other characters in this story he may have survived his ordeal on the Yukon Trail.

Jack London had experience on the brutal trail told in this story. He had spent a winter there in 1897(Stasz). In hopes of striking it rich in the gold rush on the Klondike. He set about on his yearlong journey. Unlike the character portrayed in this story he was prepared for his journey and was in the company of friends (McSherry). Our character was doomed from the very beginning. Unlike London and others who had made this journey before our character was unprepared. He heads out to reach his destination at Henderson Creek, yet all he carried with him was his lunch, some matches, and with him another character the dog. Where was he coming from and why go alone?

His first mistake and ultimately the cause of his death was being out in the extreme cold to begin with. Our characters arrogance is explained very early on in, “The trouble with him was that he was without imagination. He was quick and alert in the things of life…and not in the significances” (Sipiora 149). He could understand that it was well below –50 degrees but could not comprehend what that implicated for him. His ignorance is displayed in the fact that no matter how much of a man he was he could not survive the current conditions. In this kind of weather no man needs to be out in the open without fire. The conditions are what they are. No matter how big of a man it is impossible to combat the weather. It is an inevitable force man cannot win against. Throughout the story he is placed in several circumstances where it is proven to him that he does not have what it takes to survive this trek.

The old-timer in the story attempted to warn the man. He apparently had experience in the conditions. He warned him not only of the extreme cold, but how a man should never be alone in the conditions. He also gives the man advice on what to do if his feet get wet. At the time the man was talking to the old-timer he laughed off his suggestions stating, “Those old-timers were rather womanish, some of them, he thought. All a man had to do was keep his head, and he was all right. Any man who was a man could travel alone” (Sipiora 154). Our character soon realizes the old-timer was right, yet it was not enough to save this man. He relied on his own judgment, which was not much since this was his first winter. He was unable to keep his head when the going got tough he panicked. His failed attempt to build a fire brought him to the point of this panic and ultimately his death.

Both the old man and the dog sensed this man was unable to survive the land. The man viewed the dog as insignificant, but he had the instincts and aptitude to survive the harsh conditions. The dog’s instincts lead him to rely on his man for fire because he could not provide this for himself. Yet the dog knew it was no time to be out in the open. The dog’s instinct told it not only the needed fire and shelter but also that he was in grave danger. The man only realized the danger he was in and death was imminent when he could not build the second fire. Keeping his head would not get him through this predicament.

In the end the man accepts his humility and realizes he has no business being out on the Yukon alone so ill prepared. “You were right, old hoss; you were right”(Sipiora 158). He did not have all the information and knowledge to complete his task. Like London our character would not strike it rich (McSherry). He would not have a story of survival to tell. Is this a true story that Jack heard during his time on the Yukon? “Most people believe that his writings are all fiction”(McSherry). Or is this his attempt to ask ourselves do we sometimes go off half-cocked, determined to accomplish a goal without all of the information need to achieve it?

McSherry III, Jack L. Jack London’s Klondike Adventure. 18 Feb. 2007
http://www.arcticwebsite.com/LondonJackKlond.html

Sipiora, Phillip. Reading and Writing About Literature. New Jersey: Prentice Hall, 2002.

Stasz, Dr. Clarice. Jack [John Griffith] London. 2001. 18 Feb. 2007
http://www.lindon.sonoma.edu/jackbio.html

"Death of Freedom"

Throughout history women have been placed in roles they do not necessarily want to be in. Kate Chopin is speaking out about a “…women’s need for independence…” (Walker). This short story reveals unexpected twist and turns to portray a woman who finds what she wants out of life through the unfortunate death of her husband. In an off the wall route to freedom, our heroine finds what she needs in life to feel fulfilled. In the end she achieves her much needed freedom through death.

The other characters in this story’s view of Louise are unimportant compared to how Louise views herself. Louise feels trapped in a life, and marriage where her needs and wants are viewed by society as inconsequential. She is obviously unhappy, in not only her marriage, but with life itself. Not that her marriage to Brantley is necessarily bad. Her unhappiness has nothing to do with Brantley as a husband. Our narrator tells us that, “It was only yesterday she had thought with a shudder that life might be long” (Sipiora 200). Meaning that her heart would last far longer than she wanted it to. She would be forced to live out each grueling day unfulfilled. She felt the burden of what life and society expected of her. She saw a crime in the way, “…men and women believe they have the right to impose a private will upon a fellow creature” (Sipiora 200). She clearly saw herself a simple subservient creature in the society she lived. She did not see herself as living at all, but as merely surviving.

She was much surprised by the joy that she felt over her husband’s death, even though it is much expected. She is seen in taking great joy in what her life would become, just not in her role in it. Reference is made to her retreating to her “…comfortable, roomy armchair,” which is “…facing the open window…” (Sipiora 199). This chair in her room has most likely been her haven for many years. A place where she could view the world without intrusion, which is the purpose it serves at this time as well. A bystander watching the world go by and never feeling apart of. She views the comings and goings of the world outside. She takes notice of the “trees that were all aquiver with new spring life” (Sipiora 199) just as she is tremulous of the new life thrust upon her.

She embraces the newfound freedom in the death of her husband. Keeping the pretense of the dutiful wife will no longer exhaust her. She can begin live of her own free will and not only in what is expected of her. While looking out her bystander window she finds her freedom. As if her soul had been hidden in the clouds she watched the freedom roll, “she felt it, creeping out of the sky…” (Sipiora 199). What she perceived she should be in life was shattered in that one moment. It no longer matter her husband wanted of her, he was now long gone. She felt freedom embrace her, “and she opened her arms out...” to the years she was to enjoy and not dread. To be revived as one of God’s divine creatures in the “days that would be her own” (Sipiora 200).

Some could perceive the end as tragic. Chopin’s end of the story fits perfectly. Louise achieved her “individuality and autonomy” (Deter). I find the irony in her death poetic. She tasted freedom if for only a short time. She found freedom in her husband’s death and in the end freedom is what she got. It would be unfair make our heroine live once she found he was in fact alive.

Deter, Floramaria. Kate Chopin: In Search of Freedom. 11 Feb. 2007
http://classiclit.about.com/cs/articles/a/aa_insearch.htm

Sipiora, Phillip. Reading and Writing About Literature. New Jersey: Prentice Hall, 2002.

Walker PhD, Nancy. Kate Chopin. 2006. 11 Feb. 2007
http://encarta.msn.com/text_761579519___0/Kate_Chopin.html

Monday, February 19, 2007

"Compelled" revised once again

The Dead, seems to be based entirely on Joyce’s cynical perceptions of what life in Dublin brings about for a man. Joyce portrays Gabriel as man who clearly felt trapped. It seems he like Gabriel possess a freethinking mind and spirit. Joyce’s distaste for the country and simple-minded countrymen is vivid throughout this piece of work. Joyce is quoted in 1906 after complaints on the work of Dubliners, “My intention was to write a moral history of my country and I chose Dublin for the scene because that city seemed to me the center of paralysis…[…] I have written it for the most part in a style of scrupulous meanness”(Joyce). I cannot help but to think that pieces of Gabriel represent Joyce. How he would have felt if he had lead the typical life in Dublin as expected of him. He spins a story of a man trapped in a world of obligations.

Gabriel is a man compelled to behave as he is expected. A man trapped unable to break free from the stereotypes pushed on him. He is pushed to respond to the demands of family. Not to say that he does not love and greatly admire whom they are. He just feels as though he has more to offer than being just a husband and father. He seems to resent the demands placed on him by his aunts, yet he dutifully plays the role. He is a writer after all, with great mind and wit about him. Yet lacking in self-confidence he questions himself. Gabriel wants people to accept him even though he is not content with what he has to offer up. Not only does he question other people’s standards he questions himself. He is restless and haggard from putting up the pretense, as he is much to hard on himself.

Miss Ivors must represent someone in Joyce past. Pushing guilt on Gabriel about his dislike of Ireland and his tendencies to feel more of a European. She questions why he would choose to write for a Britain paper. She pushes him about embracing his own land and culture. Then in outrage he admits his disgust with his own country. Again this must reflects Joyce’s own views in this piece of work. Joyce’s views become one with Gabriel’s in that it has been said, “He felt happiest in Europe, and thought of himself as a part of its, rather than Irish or British, culture” (Joyce).

The story seems to drag on and on about a party that last just a few hours. Joyce’s views are clearly captured in this work. That he would intentionally make the story so dull and lifeless. He clearly achieves his goal in representing, “The working lives, family life, oppressive social mores and even leisure pursuits of the characters trap them in monotonous, constrictive routines from which they seem unable to escape” (Joyce).


“Joyce, James, 1882-1941.” Literature Online Reference Edition. 2000
http://lionreference.chadwyck.com.ezproxy.maconstate.edu

Thursday, February 1, 2007

"Compelled" Revised

This story is seems is based entirely on Joyce’s perceptions of what life in Dublin brings about for a man. Joyce clearly felt trapped. He possessed a freethinking mind and spirit. Joyce decided to leave Dublin and never regretted it(Joyce). His distaste for the country and simple-minded countrymen is vivid throughout this piece of work. The story places himself as Gabriel. How he would have felt if he had lead the typical life in Dublin as expected of him. He spins a story of a man trapped in a world of obligations.

Gabriel is a man compelled to behave as he is expected. A man trapped unable to break free from the stereotypes pushed on him. He is pushed to respond to the demands of family. Not to say that he does not love and greatly admire whom they are. He just feels as though he has more to offer than being just a husband and father. He seems to resent the demands placed on him by his aunts, yet he dutifully plays the role. He is a writer after all, with great mind and wit about him. Yet lacking in self-confidence he questions himself. Gabriel wants people to accept him even though he is not content with what he has to offer up. Not only does he question other people’s standards he questions himself. He is restless and haggard from putting up the pretense, as he is much to hard on himself.

Miss Ivors must represent someone in Joyce past. Pushing guilt on him about his dislike of Ireland and his tendencies to feel more of a European(Joyce). She questions why he would choose to write for a Britain paper. She pushes him about embracing his own land and culture. Then in outrage he admits his disgust with his own country.

The story seems to drag on and on about a party that last just a few hours. This clearly must also be an attempt to capture Joyce’s views on his homeland(Joyce). That he would make the story so dull and lifeless. He did proficiently tell the story of Gabriel’s unhappiness, with the only exemplary area being the love he had for his wife. This must also represent the opinion of Joyce as well that, although he did not take pride in his homeland, he took great pride in his wife(Joyce).


“Joyce, James, 1882-1941.” Literature Online Reference Edition. 2000
http://lionreference.chadwyck.com.ezproxy.maconstate.edu

"Shame for a Gift"

Araby
by James Joyce

The story goes in depth about the actual feelings that love or infatuation bring about for a young boy, when he falls for his friend’s older sister. It does not matter that the girl has no clue of what the boy feels for her. It is also undecided whether the girl actually spoke to him. Imagined or not the feelings he felt were completely real. No matter the reality, it set into motion the idea that he could win this girls admiration through a gift.

In the beginning of the story the author describes the lifestyle of a young boy and the setting of the average neighborhood anywhere. A boy’s life at this age is very simple. It revolves around his neighborhood and the daily life and grind of being twelve. Many days and late evenings are spent out on the lawn with friends. All life expects of a boy his age is to do well in school, help with chores and be semi happy.

Everything is going well in his life, then wham it hits him. He cannot explain what it is he’s feeling. When he sees her the world stops. The only thing left is the racing of his heart and the sweat pouring from his skin. He does everything he can to get her attention, but does not have a clue as to why. Every thought revolves around this girl. What are these feelings? He cannot talk about it or even worse he thinks it is forbidden to talk about. What if he said something and he was told he was not suppose to feel this way at his age. All he knows is that whatever these feelings are it feels good. It makes him feel alive unlike the kind dead priest.

The only thing he knows that will get her attention and maybe her affection is a gift. Not knowing how, but some how he will get to the Araby and buy her a gift. The days trickle by. The day of the bazaar he starts counting down the minutes and pacing the floor. All the drudgery of the day’s events is pure cruelty. His plan and hopes it seems are ruined, until finally his uncle comes home later than expected. He arrives just as they are closing down. He views the remaining selections of goods. Grudgingly, a woman out of duty comes to assist him. Reality sets in; maybe Mangan’s sister is only nice to him because she feels the duty to be kind. Everyone in the neighborhood is friendly. What good is this gift to win her affections? What does it say about him that he would try to buy her affections?

He realizes very early in life, this is not the way it should be. He realizes it is hopeless to have this infatuation with a girl he does not even know. He has had one conversation with her. Was that conversation real or was it imagined? Even more importantly beauty is only skin deep. It seems that the story wants to depict this boy and his story, as something to be ashamed of or worse wants to invoke feeling of sadness for him. This would explain the reference to the priest and the fact that he tells no one. The only sad point in the story is how it mirrors our own society today. In today’s society a person can be bought with a gift. Money says love like nothing else. There is nothing shameful or wrong with what the boy is feeling. He is just a boy first noticing the affects members of the opposite sex have on people.

"Dissipate the Past"

The story represents a man who is coming to terms with the self-created tragedy of his life. Charles Wales is a man who has loved, had great material gain, lost it all and is now attempting to rebuild what is left in his life. The main purpose of his trip back to Paris is to regain custody of his daughter Honoria. In the process he is forced to confront the demons of his past mistakes, and formally say good-bye to a life he once had. In the end he finds that he, despite what everyone around him thinks, is not the man represented by past mistakes. He is a man of character who wants to do the right thing for his child and dead wife Helen.

In the early part of the story Charlie begins his moments of many truths. He returns to old stomping grounds and is looking for familiar faces. What he finds is, not only is he not the same man, but Paris is no longer the same place for him. Charlie enjoyed the clout of being perceived as a wealthy man in Paris and reminisces fondly of some the good old times. Which may mean that he may not regret the past completely or that he liked the free spirited person he once was. Each place Charlie visits, he finds the people and the life they are living disgust him. Charlie finds he no longer feels comfortable in bars and the surroundings he once called home. He finds himself an outsider looking in. Charlie comments to himself that he ruined the beauty of Paris for himself. He spent two years in Paris and never appreciated one minute. He attempts to take in Paris with sober eyes and somber spirit. This is a self-realization of himself. He wasted every minute in such a culturally rich and beautifully historic city. He understands the impact of his lifestyle lead to his current life. What he held so dear in the past, in the end meant nothing and he had nothing to show for it. In the process he lost his wife, his daughter and himself in this city.

Charlie is fully aware of Marion’s dislike for him. Charlie recognizes the need to take Marion’s verbal lashings about his past to achieve the ultimate goal of getting custody of his child back. During every confrontation Charlie cannot dispute the truth of Marion’s comments except for being responsible for the death of Helen. Marion cannot accept the death of her sister and needs to blame Charlie. It is easier for her to make Charlie the villain, than to accept that her sister had a part in the breakdown of the marriage, or that she simply died from a bad heart.

Honoria is the only character that holds no resentment for Charlie. She is just a small child so in love with her father. He sees in her the man he is and wants to become. She is the only good that is left of the rise and fall. He sees she needs him as much as he needs her. He is ready to give her the love of both parents without regard of giving too much.

In the end Charlie’s plans to take his daughter to Prague are in vain. His past has tracked him down and is trying to strap him in again. He remains strong and walks away disappointed but not defeated. He has every intention on coming back for his daughter. He walks away with a better understanding of his past and his future. He walks away with his character tact. Charlie Wales is not the irresponsible man people believe he is. He is a man who got carried away in a life that money could give you.